Forensic Expert George Thucydides - 1297 Words

SHIVAKUMAR VADTHIYA STUDENT ID: 1646764 MADS_6639 FORENSIC EXPERT INSTRUCTOR: GEORGE THUCYDIDES FDU-VANCOUVER 1. What are the three primary factors that determine whether evidence collected during an investigation will be admissible in court? Briefly discuss each of these factors. During an investigation, the investigator has to prove the evidence genuinely as well as relevantly. The main function of admissibility is â€Å"Relevance†. There are a number of surprising factors whether or not the evidence is admissible in court. Any evidence that are produced into the court of law(civil/criminal) will be subjected to scrutinize by both sides as well as by the magistrate to determine the information presented in court meets the general guidelines for admissibility. Making the decision by the court evolve a number of factors. Some of the questions that will be asked are: †¢ Is the evidence produced to court is relevant? †¢ Is the evidence credible and authentic? †¢ Is the evidence competent? Relevant evidence: To take an evidence for a valid consideration in the eyes of the court, the relevance stands as a basic factor for admissibility of that evidence. If this rule cannot be satisfied then that evidence will be disqualified. So, to prove that an evidence is relevant it must satisfy two conditions. First, it should directly relate with the case presented in the court. For instance, the prosecution is trying to prove the person who is involved in credit card fraud

Homework Set 10 Essay - 982 Words

Sherisse’ Woodley C. Williams Macroeconomics 23 July 2013 Homework Set 10 1. List the four categories of unemployment. * Fictional * Structural * Cyclical * Seasonal 2. What measurement tool constructed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics is used to measure changes in the level of prices of goods and services? Consumer Price Index (CPI) 3. Who would benefit from unanticipated inflation –lenders or borrowers? Why? Who would benefits from anticipated inflation –lenders, borrowers, or neither? Why? Lenders will benefit from unanticipated inflation because they can rise interest and make more money. Bowers will benefit from anticipated inflation because they had time to plan. 4. If there were 1.5†¦show more content†¦Income equality will not change drastically at the onset. The individuals will still live in th same area and be receiving the same or less depending on the education level or their ability to acquire additional skill or trades. The increase in crime will go up at the onset because there will be individuals without employment and benefits to sustain their children and families. 8. Assume that at some point in your life, you will maintain several bank accounts including a checking account and a money market account. You might pay a fee of $100 each year for your bank to sweep funds to and from your checking account depending on the balances. At the same time, you might have a job that provides for an increase in your salary based on changes in the rate of inflation. In this situation, does a loss in purchasing power represent a cost of inflation? Why or why not? Do your banking fees represent a cost of inflation? Why or why not? 9. Assume that you loaned me $1,000 at a very generous nominal interest rate of 3 percent to be paid back in one year. There is a sudden upturn in the economy, however, and inflation increases to 5 percent next year. As a result, when I repay you the $1,000 plus your $30 interest, has your purchasing power increased or decreased as a result of this loan and the interest that you received? What would your real rate of return equal? Based on your answers to the previous twoShow MoreRelatedEssay on Fin 534 Week 10 Homework Set 5 – New690 Words   |  3 PagesFIN 534 Week 10 Homework Set 5 – NEW Click Link Below To Buy: http://hwcampus.com/shop/fin-534/fin-534-week-10-homework-set-5-new/ Or Visit www.hwcampus.com FIN 534 Week 10 Homework Set 5 – NEW Boehm Corporation has had stable earnings growth of 8% a year for the past 10 years and in 2013 Boehm paid dividends of $2.6 million on net income of $9.8 million. However, in 2014 earnings are expected to jump to $12.6 million, and Boehm plans to invest $7.3 million in a plant expansion. 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Most of the time, I get a homework assign ment out of nowhere, which always forces me to go with the flowRead MoreExcessive Amounts Of Homework1163 Words   |  5 PagesExcessive Amounts of Homework is Not Beneficial Homework is defined as tasks assigned to students by school teachers that are intended to be carried out during non-school hours. The most common purpose of homework is to have students practice the material already presented in class also to reinforce learning and ease comprehension of specific skills. Homework has been a debatable topic for many years. Some researches agree that homework is beneficial while others disagree with that statement. FurtherRead MoreWhat Was Done By The Faculty Member And / Or Students?909 Words   |  4 Pagesstudents that needed help with their homework to get it out. Some students opened their homework, but some did not. Ms. Connelly then began writing out and solving homework problems with an overhead projector. 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The Marketing Value

Question: Discuss about the Marketing Management. Answer: Introduction In order to acquire a good position in the market, the business organizations aim to focus on their offered product. By adding customer value, the business organizations aim to increase the buying decisions of the customers by having a better understanding on it (Mike, 2016). Moreover, it also helps them to segment their target market through a minute market analysis. This value addition also helps the organizations to expand the awareness of their brands by attracting more customers. The value addition helps the business organization to occupy an advantageous position among its competitors by building a healthy long term relationship with the customers. The marketing value is determined through quantitative and qualitative analysis. In the case of quantitative analysis, the price of the product is regarded, while the qualitative analysis refers to the individual response toward the value system; that can be physical, mental, emotional, economic, cultural or environmental factors. In order to acquire maximum consumer support, the chief aim of the business organizations needs to provide the consumers best quality products at reasonable prices with the assurance that they will provide help even after the purchase so that they can influence the customer perceptions (investopedia.com, n.d). Customer Value-Product With the help of three major components of laser keyboard, the business organizations aim to increase the consumer value of a product. The first level refers to the value of core customers rather their buying decisions. The second level indicates to the packing and features of a product, while, the third level suggests to the augmented value with which the business organizations determines its organizational strategies (marketing-insider.eu, 2015). Core Customer Value The chief product is the laser keyboard which seems to be highly portable and easily attachable to any electronic device. Moreover, it is very effective in solving factorial issues which refers to the scientific definition of human capabilities and limitation that help to produce a more effective and safe and dependable product along with creating an efficient learning environment. Unlike the clumsy hardware keyboard, the laser keyboard helps to keep the surroundings compact and clean and also influence to improve the project quality of the students. Actual Level One of the main reasons behind the popularity of laser keyboard is its various interesting, smart features. This keyboard is also available in various colors and shapes. Consumers are supposed to get this product in a very safe manner as it is delivered in a bubble bag which seems to be placed in a hard box. Moreover, it has various parts namely Keyboard pattern projector, linear laser and infrared light camera along with the screw cap, front panel, bottom base, side frame and nylon column. The most attractive feature of this keyboard is its inbuilt power bank of 5200mAh. In addition, it also allows the consumers to write in different languages with several visual stickers. Its potable cable can be used as keychain which seems to be as handy as the handy key bunches (banggood.com, n.d). Augmented Product With the help of the non-physical aspect of a product namely the augmented aspect, the business organizations tend to add best customer value along with providing them effective experiences of their particular brand. In the case of laser keyboard, the customers tend to get a warranty period of one year along with the option of a specific website, where they can report if they face any difficulty in the configuration of the product. Moreover, as per the special service of laser keyboard, the old product can be exchanged with the new and updated product at a compensated price (banggood.com, n.d). Seizing Customer Value-Price The pricing strategy seems to be the most influential factor of the business entities with which desired amount of revenue can be generated from the consumers. This pricing strategy seems to be a variable factor in accordance with the profit level and influence of consumer buying decisions are concerned. In the case of laser keyboard, penetration pricing strategy has been adapted. Penetration pricing strategy, as per the Investopedias website, helps the business entities to successfully attract the consumers towards the innovative features of a new product. By employing this strategy, the business organizations try to attract the consumers at the beginning of the introduction of a new product so that they can attract a huge number of consumers towards their product among the immense competitive market. As per this marketing concept, it is observed that the low price of a particular product can make the consumers bound to increase their awareness about its information and to buy that product (investopedia.com, n.d). In the case of laser keyboard, the price has been considered as 27.30 OMR after the detailed examination of the manufacturing and supplying costs with one year warranty assurance. The laser keyboards are developed in the local factories for lower manufacture cost and then finally they are supplied to the various electronic shops of Oman. The major constituting elements of laser keyboard are LED infrared light, silicon and rubber buttons. The product of laser keyboards are seems to be the new products along with the organization in the Oman market. For this reason, this organization does not have any competitors in Oman. Therefore, it will take time to attract the attention of the consumers in Oman. However, it can be assumed that with the passing time in technological advancement and with the increasing awareness about the offered product along with the new trend of handy and stylish keyboards, the consumers of not only Oman but also from all around the world will show interest in th e pricing and new features of laser keyboard. Conclusion Thus, it can be said that the two constituting elements of marketing mix namely the price and the product helps to determine customer value. In recent times the consumers tend to analyze the fact that at the time of buying, they are giving the right amount for the deserved product. In order to determine a successful marketing strategy, the business organizations need to first evaluate the demands and expectations of the consumers depending upon which the price and development of the product are supposed to be determined so that it can surprise the consumers and exceed their expectations.

Business Law IMM v The Queen Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Business Law IMM v The Queen. Answer: Introduction In IMM v The Queen [2016] HCA 14 (IMM) the High Court held by a 4-3 larger part (the majority) that a trial judge, while surveying the "probative esteem" of confirmation under the Evidence Act, must assume that the proof "is acknowledged" and is in this way valid and dependable. In their contradicting judgments, Nettle, Gordon and Gageler JJ differ and looked at that as an evaluation of probative esteem fundamentally includes contemplations of unwavering quality. At the trial the appealing party was discovered blameworthy of two checks of foul managing a kid and one tally of sex with his step-grandaughter. The complainant's confirmation was the main direct proof given of the charged offenses. Regardless of protests, the indictment was permitted to show certain "propensity confirmation" and "objection prove"[1]. The inclination confirms was given by the complainant. Her confirmation was that while the complainant and another young lady were giving the appealing party a back rub, he ran his hand up the complainant's leg. The trial judge decided that the propensity prove was permissible in light of the fact that it had "noteworthy probative esteem"[2]. Essentially, the trial judge moved toward the undertaking of surveying the probative estimation of the inclination confirm on the presumption that the jury would acknowledge the confirmation and factors, for example, the validity of the complainant or the unwavering quality of the proof were not considered. Summary The appealing party contended that the trial judge ought not have expected that the jury would acknowledge the confirmation being referred to while considering the probative estimation of the proof under segment 97(1) (b) and segment 137[3]. It was additionally presented that deciding "probative esteem" must require the court to consider all issues that a tribunal of certainty would, which in IMM was a jury. In like manner, the litigant contended that a court can't be obliged by expecting that the jury will acknowledge the confirmation, particularly when there are motivations to question the believability of a witness or the unwavering quality of the proof. The appealing party presented that the inclination confirmation and protestation prove did not have noteworthy probative esteem on the grounds that the proof was gotten exclusively from the complainant, whose validity was by and large in issue. The New South Wales Court of Criminal Appeal (NSWCCA) and the Victorian Court of Appeal (VSCA) have taken clashing positions on the best way to survey "probative value"[4]. R v Shamouil (Shamouil) is the primary New South Wales specialist where the NSWCCA (Spigelman CJ, Simpson and Adams JJ) held that a trial judge deciding the probative estimation of proof with the end goal of segment 137 ought to do as such on the presumption that the jury will acknowledge the confirmation and ought not consider the unwavering quality of the proof[5]. In Shamouil, Spigelman CJ embraced what Gaudron J said in Adam v The Queen. Her Honor considered that the meaning of "probative esteem" in the Evidence Act more likely than not read into it a presumption that a jury will acknowledge the confirmation being referred to on the grounds that, as a viable issue, "proof can sanely influence the appraisal of the likelihood of a reality in issue just in the event that it is accepted[6]." In Shamouil, Spigelman CJ noticed that this approach is steady with the customarylaw way to deal with the rejection of confirmation under the "Christie discretion", where a trial judge practicing that attentiveness did not, in surveying whether the probative estimation of the confirmation is exceeded by its biased impact, decide if the jury should, or ought not, acknowledge the confirmation; nor did the trial judge consider the unwavering quality of the evidence. Spigelman CJ inferred that the words utilized as a part of the meaning of "probative esteem" in t he Evidence Act unequivocally showed that a similar approach be taken.While considering the acceptability of proof, a trial judge should first consider the pertinence of the confirmation under s 55. Area 55, which characterizes 'pertinence', makes reference such that confirmation "could normally" have on a proof of reality. In IMM the dominant part noted at that "could" alludes to the capacity of confirmation to do as such and the expression "judiciously" does not require thought of the honesty or exactness of the proof. The lion's share finished up at "The inquiry with regards to the ability of the confirmation to reasonably influence the appraisal of the likelihood of the presence of a reality in issue is to be controlled by a trial judge on the presumption that the jury will acknowledge the proof[7]. This takes after from the words "on the off chance that it were acknowledged", which are communicated to qualify the evaluation of the significance of the confirmation. This suspicion fundamentally denies to the trial judge any thought with respect to whether the confirmation is trustworthy. Nor will it be fundamental for a trial judge to decide if the confirmation is dependable, in light of the fact that the main inquiry is whether it has the ability, sanely, to influence discoveries of actuality. There may obviously be a constraining case in which the proof is so inalienably unimaginable, whimsical or incredible that it couldn't be acknowledged by a level-headed jury. In such a case its impact on the likelihood of the presence of a reality in issue would be nil and it would not meet the model of significance." Analysis The legislative scheme which brought and uniformevidence law throughAustralian law Reform Commission in the year 1995. The evidence act 1995 provides evidence into two categories one is termed as tendency evidence and coincidence evidence. Tendency evidence has been defined and articulated under section 97 and 137 of the act[8]. These two sections deals with the type of evidence to be focused in the case of IMM. Section 97 perfect states that the external exclusionary rule which operates as an exception in the admissibility of evidence before the court. Tendency evidence can be defined as evidence which has a character, reputation of conduct of a person or a tendency which a person has or had in the past. Therefore, the main motive behind enacting the provisions of tendency evidence is to prove that a person at the tendency to act or behave in a particular manners. Section 97 also provides prohibition against the use of the evidence and food provisions in which case this type of evid ence will be used. The act says that the agency valence shell be used in case of certain procedural steps which are required to be fulfilled and David else should be connected to the other evidences food before the court by the party which has significant probative value[9]. Probative value has been defined under Evidence Act in Section 55 of the act which states that such evidence should affect the existence of the fact of the case. The high court in the case of a man has decided whether evidence play a part in determining the probative value. In case of criminal matters the evidence act provides that the judge should have a balance for the probative value and prejudicial effect during the admissibility of evidence against the party. Section 101 subsection 2 states that in case of criminal proceedings evidence given by the crown for the defendant require that the probative value of search evidence shall have a pre judicial effect on the defendant[10]. The test has been made in the case of IMM found the result that the Evidence Act is required under the test to evaluate the output of the prejudicial effect. In IMM the issues on advance were whether the trial judge had failed in taking the unwavering quality of the confirm as guaranteed and continuing upon the suspicion that the jury would acknowledge the confirmation at the point when her Honor connected s 97(1)(b) to the propensity confirmation and s 137 to grievance prove. The appellants' contention did not call into the inquiry the utilization of the more prohibitive s 101 test to inclination prove. The lion's share in the High Court explicitly dismissed the Victorian position as embraced in Dupas in support of the New South Wales approach[11]. Their Respects found that the Dupas position, in which the unwavering quality of the confirmation shapes some portion of the evaluation of the probative esteem, was in opposition to the statutory arrangements, which accommodated the exceptionally restricted events where a trial judge should consider the unwavering quality or validity in choosing to concede evidence, and the long line of specia list since path before Hoch and Pfennig, which saves the subject of unwavering quality or generally for the jury[12]. In IMM the issues on progress were whether the trial judge had bombed in taking the unfaltering nature of the affirm as ensured and proceeding upon the doubt that the jury would recognize the affirmation exactly when her Honor associated s 97(1)(b) to the inclination affirmation and s 137 to grievance demonstrate[13]. The appellants' conflict did not call into the request the usage of the more restrictive s 101 test to slant demonstrate. The lion's offer in the High Court unequivocally expelled the Victorian position as grasped in Dupas in support of the New South Wales approach. Their Regards found that the Dupas position, in which the steadfast nature of the affirmation shapes some bit of the assessment of the probative regard, was contrary to the statutory game plans, which suited the especially confined occasions where a trial judge ought to consider the steadfast quality or legitimacy in deciding to yield evidence,30 and the long line of master since way before Hoch and Pfennig, which spares the subject of unflinching quality or for the most part for the jury commit the offenses charged. Given the assumption that the proof was dependable and expecting the blamed ran his hand up the complainant's legs the confirmation would demonstrate that the denounced had a sexual enthusiasm for the protest and along these lines, would fundamentally influence the assurance of whether the denounced submitted the offenses charged[14]. Conclusion The High Court's choice does not block a judge from withholding clearly over the top prove from a jury. As clarified by J D Heydon QC in his article "Is the Weight of Evidence Material to Its Admissibility?", where the proof is "intrinsically unconvincing", it would at present have a low probative esteem notwithstanding when "taken at its most astounding". 37 Their Honors additionally received Heydon QC's case of personality confirm from a witness who just had a transitory look of the charged in extremely poor visual conditions[15]. In rundown, IMM conclusively settled the contradiction between the most noteworthy investigative courts in the country's two busiest purviews, finding that the unwavering quality of the confirmation and validity of the witness was not to be considered in choosing regardless of whether inclination confirm is acceptable under the uniform confirmation law. In any case, notwithstanding choosing that the unwavering quality of confirmation was best left to the jury, the Court made an imperative capability that it would even now be the employment of future judges to keep prove that is "characteristically unbelievable" or "clearly ludicrous" far from the jury in spite of their at first sight probative incentive by characteristic use of the rule that the probative esteem of such confirmation would be lessened when seen with other confirmation. The High Court likewise chose to expel all follows of impact of Hoch and Pfennig, forerunners of the inclination manage, by dismissing the use of the Hoch capability as far as joint mixture in the utilization of the exercise in careful control as required in s 101(2). Lamentably, the Court has declined to bargain facilitate with its explanations behind dismissal the utilization of the Hoch capability[16] Bibliography: Adams, Michael WR, and Christopher K. Wareham. "Is Judicial Consideration of Credibility and Reliability under Section 137 of the Uniform EvidenceLaw a Guarantee of Fairness or Moral Treason."Monash UL Rev.40 (2014): 243. Clayton, Gina.Textbook on immigration and asylum law. Oxford University Press, 2016. Edmond, Gary, David Hamer, and Emma Cunliffe. "A little ignorance is a dangerous thing: engaging with exogenous knowledge not adduced by the parties."Griffith Law Review25.3 (2016): 383-413. Edmond, Gary, et al. "Christie, Section 137 and Forensic Science Evidence (After Dupas v. the Queen and R v. XY)."Monash UL Rev.40 (2014): 389. Elgebaly, Hassan A., et al. "Metabolomic Profiling and Antioxidant Activity of Opophytum Forsskalii."Aljouf Science and Engineering Journal3.1 (2016): 19-24. French, Robert. "Criminal law sentencing in the high court."Bulletin (Law Society of South Australia)39.6 (2017): 26. Gans, Jeremy.Modern criminal law of Australia. Cambridge University Press, 2016. Hamer, David A. "'Tendency Evidence'and'Coincidence Evidence'in the Criminal Trial: What's the Difference?." (2017). Heydon, J. D. "Is the Weight of Evidence Material to Its Admissibility."Current Issues Crim. Just.26 (2014): 219. Keane, Adrian, and Paul McKeown.The modern law of evidence. Oxford University Press, USA, 2014. McGorrery, Paul Gordon, and Marilyn McMahon. "A fair hearing Earwitness identifications and voice identification parades."The International Journal of Evidence Proof(2017): 1365712717690753. Odgers, S. (2016). Uniform Evidence Law at 21.Current Issues Crim. Just.,28, 311. Odgers, Stephen, and Richard Lancaster. "The probative value of evidence."Bar News: The Journal of the NSW Bar AssociationWinter 2016 (2016): 36. Odgers, Stephen. "Paul Byrne SC memorial lecture: Uniform evidence law at 21."Current Issues in Criminal Justice28.3 (2017): 311. Stockdale, Michael, Emma Smith, and Mehera San Roque. "Bad Character Evidence in the Criminal Trial: The English Statutory/Common Law Dichotomy-Anglo-Australian Perspectives." (2016): 441. Tesheira, Karen.Commonwealth Caribbean Family Law: Husband, Wife and Cohabitant. Routledge, 2016.